The bank card is characterized by a BIN (Bank Identification Number) which makes it possible to identify the establishment transmitting chart.
The ISO 7810 is the international standard which defines the three formats for the charts: ID-1, ID-2, and ID-3. A bank card carries for identifier: the BIN, the name of the holder, the start date of validity (sometimes), the completion date of validity as well as number CVV or CVV2 (last three digits with the back of the chart).